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Optical Fundamentals

Magnification, working distance, diffraction, resolution

  • Optical FundamentalsExperimental Photography

    Raynox as a portrait lens

    by Güray Dere 18/10/2025
    18/10/2025

    Testing the limits of any lens we get our hands on is both fun and instructive. Sometimes you can stumble upon unexpectedly delightful discoveries. In the previous review, we tried …

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  • Optical FundamentalsExperimental Photography

    Let’s make a camera lens from a magnifying glass

    by Güray Dere 16/10/2025
    16/10/2025

    We’re after some experimental fun today 🙂 As they say, the best way to learn something is to try it yourself. Back in high school physics we had a unit …

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  • LensesLens TestsOptical Fundamentals

    Wide-angle macro photography and Laowa 15mm f4.0

    by Güray Dere 13/10/2025
    13/10/2025

    I remember the very first post I published on this site—I’d written about how I missed the shots I used to take in macro mode with my old compact camera. …

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  • Lighting TechniquesLighting FundamentalsOptical Fundamentals

    Taming the light – Internal reflection and contrast issues in macro photography

    by Güray Dere 07/10/2025
    07/10/2025

    Long ago I read an article by master John Hallmen whose original Swedish title was “Att tämja blixten.” It meant “taming the light” and contained many tips on using flash. …

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  • Lens TestsOptical Fundamentals

    Aperture setting in macro photography and the diffraction effect

    by Güray Dere 05/10/2025
    05/10/2025

    A lot of questions come up about aperture settings. At which value do we get better results? Should we open up, or stop down? As I approach the topic, I’m …

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  • AccesoriesOptical Fundamentals

    Macro close-up filters – Raynox DCR-250, MSN-202

    by Güray Dere 04/10/2025
    04/10/2025

    I ended up rewriting this post a few times and added something new to the content each time. At first I planned to touch only on the Raynox units, but …

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  • LensesOptical Fundamentals

    Macro photography with a microscope objective

    by Güray Dere 25/09/2025
    25/09/2025

    I still remember the thrill of picking up my 1:1 macro lens for the first time and shooting a few frames—being able to render flowers and insects that large was …

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  • Focus & Depth of FieldFeaturedOptical FundamentalsSensor & Imaging Fundamentals

    Why is the depth of field so narrow? What is effective aperture?

    by Güray Dere 16/09/2025
    16/09/2025

    As I briefly touched on when explaining aperture, it’s worth taking a more detailed look at depth of field. Depth of field is commonly referred to by the abbreviation DOF, …

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  • Optical FundamentalsCalibration & Adjustment

    True macro lens

    by Güray Dere 14/09/2025
    14/09/2025

    In the previous post I said that what defines a true macro photograph is the 1:1 magnification ratio. Of course, that statement was entirely about the definitional side of things. …

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Categories

  • Equipment (32)
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    • Experimental Photography (4)
  • Techniques (19)
    • Focusing/Shooting Techniques (4)
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    • Specimen Preparation (2)
    • Staging & Background (2)
  • Tests & Reviews (16)
    • Books (2)
    • Lens Tests (14)

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Recent Comments

    Recent Posts

    • Book: Bugs Up Close

      21/10/2025
    • Raynox as a portrait lens

      18/10/2025
    • Let’s make a camera lens from a magnifying glass

      16/10/2025
    • Photography with a projection lens

      15/10/2025
    • Preparing dead insects for photography – Coloring and cleaning

      15/10/2025

    About Me

    I'm a photography enthusiast. Especially macro photography. I wanted to share my experiences with those interested in the subject, to the best of my knowledge.

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    Güray Dere - İstanbul

    Popular Posts

    • 1

      Macro photography using cross-polarized filter technique

      29/09/2025
    • 2

      Macro photography magnification ratios

      14/09/2025
    • 3

      Focus stacking technique

      27/09/2025

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